| Lumbrical muscle of the foot | |
|---|---|
| Muscles of the sole of the foot. Second layer. (Lumbricals visible at bottom.) | |
| Latin | musculus lumbricalis pedis |
| Gray's | subject #131 493 |
| Origin | Medial borders of long flexor tendons |
| Insertion | Proximal phalanges and extensor tendons of the 4 lateral toes |
| Artery | Medial and Lateral plantar arteries |
| Nerve | medial and lateral plantar nerves (S3) |
| Actions | Flexes metatarsophalangeal joints, extends interphalangeal joints |
The lumbricals are four small skeletal muscles, accessory to the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus and numbered from the medial side of the foot; they arise from these tendons, as far back as their angles of division, each springing from two tendons, except the first.
The muscles end in tendons, which pass forward on the medial sides of the four lesser toes, and are inserted into the expansions of the tendons of the Extensor digitorum longus on the dorsal surfaces of the first phalanges. All four lumbricals insert into extensor hoods of the phalanges, thus creating extension at the inter-phalangeal joints. However as the tendons also pass inferior to the metatarsal phalangeal joints it creates flexion at this joint.
Absence of one or more; doubling of the third or fourth even the fifth. Insertion partly or wholly into the first phalanges.
The most medial lumbrical is innervated by the medial plantar nerve while the remaining three lumbricals are supplied by the lateral plantar nerve.
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained within it may be outdated.
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